British Airways maintenance staff left engine doors open on fire emergency plane causing one to rip through fuel line on take-off

A catastrophic maintenance failure caused a British Airways jet into an emergency landing, air accident investigators have discovered.
Doors on both engines of the British Airways plane in last week’s Heathrow emergency landing drama had been left unlatched during maintenance, according to an official accident report .
The unlatching had not been identified before the Oslo-bound Airbus A319 took off with 75 passengers and five crew on May 24, said the report from the Air Accidents Investigation Branch (AAIB).

Terror: Smoke is seen pouring off one of the engines as the British Airways flight heads for an emergency landing at Heathrow

The fan cowl doors from both engines detached as the aircraft left the runway at Heathrow, puncturing a fuel pipe on the right engine, the report said.

 The detaching also punctured the airframe and some aircraft systems and the flight crew, led by the 50-year-old captain, elected to return to Heathrow.
On the approach to land an external fire developed on the right engine, with the left engine continuing to perform normally throughout the flight.
When the initial fault was detected, the crew declared a pan emergency - not as serious as a mayday - with the intention of returning to Heathrow.
During the approach to land, an external fire developed on the right engine and the crew declared a mayday.

Failure: The inner working of the engine are clearly visible through the gap left by the missing cover as emergency services attend a British Airways passenger plane after it had to make an emergency landing at Heathrow

Although both engine fire extinguisher bottles were discharged and the right engine was shut down, the fire was not completely extinguished. When the plane landed 'the airport fire service attended and quickly extinguished a small fire on the right engine'.

Remnants of the fan cowl doors were recovered from the runway. Among the damage caused by the detached doors was damage to the left main landing gear, while the right main landing gear outer tyre was damaged during the landing and had fully deflated.

The right engine was extensively fire-damaged.

The AAIB said that the fan cowl door latches are difficult to see 'unless crouched down so that the bottom of the engine is clearly visible'.

The report added that the right engine was shut down and the aircraft landed safely.
The emergency services quickly attended and extinguished the fire in the right engine.
Passengers and crew evacuated the aircraft via the escape slides, without injury.
The report said: 'Subsequent investigation revealed that the fan cowl doors on both engines were left unlatched during maintenance and this was not identified prior to aircraft departure.'
The AAIB published a photo of the aircraft taken prior to its pushing back from the stand before take-off.
This was one of a number of photographs showing the fan cowl doors unlatched on both engines.

Emergency: Passengers and crew escaped from the British Airways plane as emergency crews surrounded the stricken plane

Emergency services attended to the aircraft following the emergency landing

The report said the aircraft had undergone scheduled maintenance overnight. This required opening the fan cowl doors on both engines to check oil levels.
The report said that plane manufacturer Airbus had recommended airlines strictly adhere to maintenance standards following previous instances of fan cowl door separation on the A320 'family' of planes, which include the A319 in last week’s incident.
Procedures for maintenance checks include crouching down to see that the fan cowl doors are closed and latched, the AAIB said.

The report said that last July Airbus said there had been 32 reported fan cowl door detachment events - 80% of which occurred during the take-off phase of flights.
On some occasions, significant damage was caused to the aircraft but none of the events resulted in a subsequent fire.
'The source of ignition that led to the in-flight fire (in last week’s BA incident) is still under investigation,' the AAIB said.
The AAIB recommended that Airbus notify Airbus A320 family aircraft owners of the BA incident and reiterate 'the importance of verifying that the fan cowl doors are latched prior to flight by visually checking the position of the latches'.

The starboard engine appears charred as the plane sits on the runway after making the emergency landing, last week

BA's maintenance is carried out by its own maintenance teams.
BA chairman Keith Williams said: 'We welcome the publication of the AAIB interim report. We continue to co-operate fully with the investigation team and can confirm that appropriate initial action has already been taken in accordance with the AAIB's safety recommendation to Airbus.

'We regret we are precluded from releasing or discussing any additional details while the AAIB investigation is ongoing.

'We commend the professionalism of the flight crew for the safe landing of the plane and the cabin crew and pilots for its safe evacuation.

'We continue to offer our full support to those customers who were onboard the flight.'
The report today said nothing unusual was noted during the pre-flight preparations of the BA plane last week.

The pilots reported the take-off seemed normal although the captain commented that he had felt a slight bump, which he believed to be a wheel running over the runway centreline light.

Early in the aircraft's climb air traffic controllers informed the crew that the plane had left debris on the runway and the cockpit crew were later advised by the cabin crew that panels were missing from the engines.

The report said the pilots experienced a decrease in engine thrust control and a significant fuel leak loss and a hydraulic problem.

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