Monday, November 24, 2014

Boko Haram: Diplomatic approach, the way forward



The application of diplomacy is one of the counter-terrorism strategies, if properly managed, can be a vital tool to end the hostilities of the Boko Haram sect. 
A well coordinated diplomatic approach can bring permanent peaceful settlement hence the present strategy of military offensive is becoming more controversial as I initially commented. 

The video evidence involving men with the Nigeria Army uniform engaged in an inhuman and degrading treatment of suspected members of the sect does not show much difference from the original perpetrators act. 
Although, to non practitioners of terrorism, ‘the only good terrorist is a dead terrorist’ however this saying is now overshadowed by the human right Acts and rule of law.
Within the context of diplomacy, is the notion of peace enforcement, an application of force to further peacemaking. The use of force should not be confused with war in this context; it generally takes the form of persuasive peacemaking. 
The key difference between peacekeeping and peace enforcement is the intended goals and the gravity of the forces applied.
 The secret of applying diplomatic approach as a counter-terrorism measure and its success is dependent on proper management of the environment, which is the primary responsibility of the government. 
The purpose of our counter-terrorism strategies should be to mitigate and change the emotional attitude of the Boko Haram members, supporters and sponsors.  It should focus on preventing and persuading the support structure of their organization to drop their arms.
 For diplomacy to succeed the government must balance its approach and use of differing forums; prevent the overuse or under-use of any existing mechanism.
 Peacekeepers should focus on preventing our law enforcement agencies and the (BH) terrorist group from violently engaging one another into further warfare. 
Peace enforcement, under the over arching premise of peacemaking, is the active engagement of the forces to implement and achieve the provisions of diplomatic process. Within the context of terrorism like we face from the dreaded Boko Haram sect, peace enforcement should be synonymous with our counter-terrorism strategies.
Once terrorist attacks has set in and bombs began to go off, irrespective of whatever reasons, quarters and for how long, an effective and timely counter-terrorism policy, expert agencies, experts and the resources becomes indispensible. 
If we continue to ignore the obvious strategies, invoke and apply them legitimately with the help of a third party such as the United Nations, ending BH threats any sooner may be impossible.
The above discussed comprehensive strategic applications should also include elements of pure democratic transition; such as counter-terrorism awareness campaign at all levels. As well as cultural, geopolitical attitudes, domestic ideas, and some of the core tools of diplomatic resolution. 
The building blocks of diplomatic resolution can effectively provide the short to mid-term process of the strategy with the factors of democratic transition presenting the mid to long-term benchmarks. 
But for the short term plan to be effective, it must be geared towards the long term agenda of counter-terrorism strategy.
The bulk of every effective strategy in combating terrorism is non-violent. The use of force is a very small element in the approach; however, it provides a critical atmospheric condition. 
The role of force in the strategy is the implementation of peace enforcement. Peacekeeping is necessary in the initial stages because it will allow a cooling off period before starting the rest of the strategic processes.   
The support of peace enforcement helps implement the provisions of the process and contributes to the overall strategic approaches.
Furthermore, the perception of peacekeeping versus that of peace enforcement is very different. Peace enforcement requires more than just the perception of security, but also that of compassion and understanding. Peacekeeping operates under a simple premise, it prevents violence. Peace enforcement must manoeuvre itself and support restorative justice operations, contribute to the reconciliation process, support and protect the true commission of diplomacy.
This is not to say that peace enforcement is a passive use of force, quite the contrary. 
The operative word here is enforcement, which is why peace enforcement operations are synonymous with that of counter-terrorism operations. 
Both focus on the need to gather intelligence, to provide security to the process, and to attack those that threaten peace through the legal system. Neither one is intended to be an independent solution to the conflict; rather their key contribution is providing an atmosphere for the process to take place.
The war on terror is more than just the prevention of terrorist operations. It is the process of attacking the premise of terrorism itself. 
Its focus needs to be comprehensive in nature, addressing the root causes, the enablers, and the operations; in general it is the culmination of goals and justifications of terrorism itself reversed engineered. 
Combating terrorism is as much about promoting cooperation as it is countering extra-legal violent action. The strategy has an obligation to provide not just security, but hope and progress.
Therefore, any strategic development towards combating terrorism can examine the tools of diplomatic resolution, for it is within this process that the war on terror, and terrorism itself, can be won permanently. 
On the other hand, it is generally believed that there should be no bargaining with the terrorists to avoid floodgate, what happens when it will really bring a lasting peace like with the Irish Republican Army (IRA) or when all options have been exhausted?  How many counter-terrorism strategies have we tried so far apart from the military offensive?

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